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  <title>Clancy-Rudy Markovian Model of Ion Channels 2001</title>
  <author>
    <firstname>Catherine</firstname>
          <surname>Lloyd</surname>
    <affiliation>
      <shortaffil>Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland</shortaffil>
    </affiliation>
  </author>
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  <section id="sec_status">
    <title>Model Status</title>
    <para>
            This CellML model represents the IKrT474I mutant epicardial cell.  For more details on the curation status of this model please see this <ulink url="Clancy_Rudy_Mutations.pdf">separate notes document</ulink>.
</para>
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  <sect1 id="sec_structure">
<title>Model Structure</title>

<para> 
ABSTRACT:  BACKGROUND: A variety of mutations in HERG, the major subunit of the rapidly activating component of the cardiac delayed rectifier I(Kr), have been found to underlie the congenital Long-QT syndrome, LQT2. LQT2 may give rise to severe arrhythmogenic phenotypes leading to sudden cardiac death. OBJECTIVE: We attempt to elucidate the mechanisms by which heterogeneous LQT2 genotypes can lead to prolongation of the action potential duration (APD) and consequently the QT interval on the ECG. METHODS: We develop Markovian models of wild-type (WT) and mutant I(Kr) channels and incorporate these models into a comprehensive model of the cardiac ventricular cell. RESULTS: Using this virtual transgenic cell model, we describe the effects of HERG mutations on the cardiac ventricular action potential (AP) and provide insight into the mechanism by which each defect results in a net loss of repolarizing current and prolongation of APD. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates which mutations can prolong APD sufficiently to generate early afterdepolarizations (EADs), which may trigger life-threatening arrhythmias. The severity of the phenotype is shown to depend on the specific kinetic changes and how they affect I(Kr) during the time course of the action potential. Clarifying how defects in HERG can lead to impaired cellular electrophysiology can improve our understanding of the link between channel structure and cellular function.
</para>

<para>
The original paper reference is cited below:
</para>

<para>
Cellular consequences of HERG mutations in the long QT syndrome: precursors to sudden cardiac death, Colleen E. Clancy and Yoram Rudy, 2001, 
            <emphasis>Cardiovascular Research</emphasis>, 50, 301-313.  <ulink url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;list_uids=11334834&amp;dopt=Abstract">PubMed ID: 11334834</ulink>
</para>


<informalfigure float="0" id="fig_cell_diagram">
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      <title>cell diagram of the Clancy-Rudy model showing ionic currents, pumps and exchangers within the sarcolemma and the sarcoplasmic reticulum</title>
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    <imagedata fileref="clancy_2001.png"/>
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<caption>A schematic diagram describing the current flows across the cell membrane that are captured in the Clancy-Rudy model.</caption>
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                        <apply>
                            <divide/>
                            <ci>V</ci>
                            <cn cellml:units="millivolt">29.68</cn>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>beta_2</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>alpha_13</ci>
                        <ci>alpha_2</ci>
                        <ci>alpha_3</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>beta_13</ci>
                        <ci>beta_3</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>alpha_3</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <cn cellml:units="per_second">0.00000037933</cn>
                    <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                            <divide/>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <ci>V</ci>
                            </apply>
                            <cn cellml:units="millivolt">5.2</cn>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>beta_3</ci>
                <apply>
                    <plus/>
                    <cn cellml:units="per_second">8.4</cn>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.02</cn>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>alpha_4</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <ci>alpha_2</ci>
                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">100</cn>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>beta_4</ci>
                <ci>alpha_3</ci>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <component name="L_type_Ca_channel">
        <variable name="i_Ca_L" public_interface="out" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="i_CaCa" public_interface="out" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="i_CaK" public_interface="out" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="i_CaNa" public_interface="out" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.75" name="gamma_Nai" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.75" name="gamma_Nao" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.75" name="gamma_Ki" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.75" name="gamma_Ko" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="I_CaCa" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="I_CaK" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="I_CaNa" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.00054" name="P_Ca" units="cm_per_second"/>
        <variable initial_value="6.75e-7" name="P_Na" units="cm_per_second"/>
        <variable initial_value="1.93e-7" name="P_K" units="cm_per_second"/>
        <variable initial_value="1" name="gamma_Cai" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.341" name="gamma_Cao" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="time" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <variable name="V" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <variable name="Cai" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="R" public_interface="in" units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin"/>
        <variable name="T" public_interface="in" units="kelvin"/>
        <variable name="F" public_interface="in" units="coulomb_per_mole"/>
        <variable name="Cao" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="Nao" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="Ko" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="Nai" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="Ki" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="d" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="f" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="f_Ca" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>I_CaCa</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                            <divide/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>P_Ca</ci>
                                <apply>
                                    <power/>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                </apply>
                                <ci>V</ci>
                                <apply>
                                    <power/>
                                    <ci>F</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>R</ci>
                                <ci>T</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                            <minus/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>gamma_Cai</ci>
                                <ci>Cai</ci>
                                <apply>
                                    <exp/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <divide/>
                                        <apply>
                                            <times/>
                                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                            <ci>V</ci>
                                            <ci>F</ci>
                                        </apply>
                                        <apply>
                                            <times/>
                                            <ci>R</ci>
                                            <ci>T</ci>
                                        </apply>
                                    </apply>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>gamma_Cao</ci>
                                <ci>Cao</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                            <exp/>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <ci>F</ci>
                                </apply>
                                <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <ci>R</ci>
                                    <ci>T</ci>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>I_CaNa</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                            <divide/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>P_Na</ci>
                                <apply>
                                    <power/>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                </apply>
                                <ci>V</ci>
                                <apply>
                                    <power/>
                                    <ci>F</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>R</ci>
                                <ci>T</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                            <minus/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>gamma_Nai</ci>
                                <ci>Nai</ci>
                                <apply>
                                    <exp/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <divide/>
                                        <apply>
                                            <times/>
                                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                            <ci>V</ci>
                                            <ci>F</ci>
                                        </apply>
                                        <apply>
                                            <times/>
                                            <ci>R</ci>
                                            <ci>T</ci>
                                        </apply>
                                    </apply>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>gamma_Nao</ci>
                                <ci>Nao</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                            <exp/>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <ci>F</ci>
                                </apply>
                                <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <ci>R</ci>
                                    <ci>T</ci>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>I_CaK</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                            <divide/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>P_K</ci>
                                <apply>
                                    <power/>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                </apply>
                                <ci>V</ci>
                                <apply>
                                    <power/>
                                    <ci>F</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>R</ci>
                                <ci>T</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                            <minus/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>gamma_Ki</ci>
                                <ci>Ki</ci>
                                <apply>
                                    <exp/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <divide/>
                                        <apply>
                                            <times/>
                                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                            <ci>V</ci>
                                            <ci>F</ci>
                                        </apply>
                                        <apply>
                                            <times/>
                                            <ci>R</ci>
                                            <ci>T</ci>
                                        </apply>
                                    </apply>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>gamma_Ko</ci>
                                <ci>Ko</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                            <exp/>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <ci>F</ci>
                                </apply>
                                <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <ci>R</ci>
                                    <ci>T</ci>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>i_CaCa</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <ci>d</ci>
                    <ci>f</ci>
                    <ci>f_Ca</ci>
                    <ci>I_CaCa</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>i_CaNa</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <ci>d</ci>
                    <ci>f</ci>
                    <ci>f_Ca</ci>
                    <ci>I_CaNa</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>i_CaK</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <ci>d</ci>
                    <ci>f</ci>
                    <ci>f_Ca</ci>
                    <ci>I_CaK</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>i_Ca_L</ci>
                <apply>
                    <plus/>
                    <ci>i_CaCa</ci>
                    <ci>i_CaK</ci>
                    <ci>i_CaNa</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <component name="L_type_Ca_channel_d_gate">
        <variable initial_value="3.210618e-6" name="d" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="alpha_d" units="per_second"/>
        <variable name="beta_d" units="per_second"/>
        <variable name="d_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="tau_d" units="second"/>
        <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <variable name="E0_d" units="millivolt"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>E0_d</ci>
                <apply>
                    <plus/>
                    <ci>V</ci>
                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>d_infinity</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <exp/>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>E0_d</ci>
                                </apply>
                                <cn cellml:units="millivolt">6.24</cn>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>tau_d</ci>
                <piecewise>
                    <piece>
                        <apply>
                            <divide/>
                            <cn cellml:units="second">0.001</cn>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.035</cn>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">6.24</cn>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                            <lt/>
                            <apply>
                                <abs/>
                                <ci>E0_d</ci>
                            </apply>
                            <cn cellml:units="millivolt" type="e-notation">1<sep/>-5</cn>
                        </apply>
                    </piece>
                    <otherwise>
                        <apply>
                            <divide/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.001</cn>
                                <ci>d_infinity</ci>
                                <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                    <apply>
                                        <exp/>
                                        <apply>
                                            <divide/>
                                            <apply>
                                                <minus/>
                                                <ci>E0_d</ci>
                                            </apply>
                                            <cn cellml:units="millivolt">6.24</cn>
                                        </apply>
                                    </apply>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt_second">0.035</cn>
                                <ci>E0_d</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </otherwise>
                </piecewise>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>alpha_d</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <ci>d_infinity</ci>
                    <ci>tau_d</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>beta_d</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <ci>d_infinity</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <ci>tau_d</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>time</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>d</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <minus/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>alpha_d</ci>
                        <apply>
                            <minus/>
                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                            <ci>d</ci>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>beta_d</ci>
                        <ci>d</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <component name="L_type_Ca_channel_f_gate">
        <variable initial_value="0.999837" name="f" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="alpha_f" units="per_second"/>
        <variable name="beta_f" units="per_second"/>
        <variable name="f_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="tau_f" units="second"/>
        <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>f_infinity</ci>
                <apply>
                    <plus/>
                    <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <plus/>
                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                            <apply>
                                <exp/>
                                <apply>
                                    <divide/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <plus/>
                                        <ci>V</ci>
                                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">32</cn>
                                    </apply>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">8</cn>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.6</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <plus/>
                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                            <apply>
                                <exp/>
                                <apply>
                                    <divide/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <minus/>
                                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                        <ci>V</ci>
                                    </apply>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">20</cn>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>tau_f</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <cn cellml:units="second">0.001</cn>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.0197</cn>
                            <apply>
                                <exp/>
                                <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <power/>
                                        <apply>
                                            <times/>
                                            <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.0337</cn>
                                            <apply>
                                                <plus/>
                                                <ci>V</ci>
                                                <cn cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
                                            </apply>
                                        </apply>
                                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                    </apply>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.02</cn>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>alpha_f</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <ci>f_infinity</ci>
                    <ci>tau_f</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>beta_f</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <ci>f_infinity</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <ci>tau_f</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>time</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>f</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <minus/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>alpha_f</ci>
                        <apply>
                            <minus/>
                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                            <ci>f</ci>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>beta_f</ci>
                        <ci>f</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <component name="L_type_Ca_channel_f_Ca_gate">
        <variable name="f_Ca" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.0006" name="Km_Ca" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <variable name="Cai" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>f_Ca</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <divide/>
                            <ci>Cai</ci>
                            <ci>Km_Ca</ci>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <component name="T_type_Ca_channel">
        <variable name="i_Ca_T" public_interface="out" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.05" name="g_CaT" units="milliS_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="E_Ca" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <variable name="time" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <variable name="V" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <variable name="b" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="g" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>i_Ca_T</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <ci>g_CaT</ci>
                    <ci>b</ci>
                    <ci>b</ci>
                    <ci>g</ci>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                        <ci>E_Ca</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <component name="T_type_Ca_channel_b_gate">
        <variable initial_value="0.000970231" name="b" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <variable name="b_inf" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="tau_b" units="second"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>b_inf</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <exp/>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <plus/>
                                        <ci>V</ci>
                                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">14</cn>
                                    </apply>
                                </apply>
                                <cn cellml:units="millivolt">10.8</cn>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>tau_b</ci>
                <apply>
                    <plus/>
                    <cn cellml:units="second">0.0037</cn>
                    <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <cn cellml:units="second">0.0061</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <plus/>
                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                            <apply>
                                <exp/>
                                <apply>
                                    <divide/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <plus/>
                                        <ci>V</ci>
                                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">25</cn>
                                    </apply>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">4.5</cn>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>time</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>b</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>b_inf</ci>
                        <ci>b</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <ci>tau_b</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <component name="T_type_Ca_channel_g_gate">
        <variable initial_value="0.994305" name="g" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <variable name="g_inf" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="tau_g" units="second"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>g_inf</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <exp/>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <apply>
                                    <plus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">60</cn>
                                </apply>
                                <cn cellml:units="millivolt">5.6</cn>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>tau_g</ci>
                <piecewise>
                    <piece>
                        <apply>
                            <plus/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <cn cellml:units="second">0.000875</cn>
                                </apply>
                                <ci>V</ci>
                            </apply>
                            <cn cellml:units="second">0.012</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                            <leq/>
                            <ci>V</ci>
                            <cn cellml:units="millivolt">0</cn>
                        </apply>
                    </piece>
                    <otherwise>
                        <cn cellml:units="second">0.012</cn>
                    </otherwise>
                </piecewise>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>time</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>g</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>g_inf</ci>
                        <ci>g</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <ci>tau_g</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <component name="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
        <variable name="i_Kr" public_interface="out" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="g_Kr" units="milliS_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="E_Kr" units="millivolt"/>
        <variable name="time" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <variable name="V" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <variable name="Ko" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="Ki" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="R" public_interface="in" units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin"/>
        <variable name="T" public_interface="in" units="kelvin"/>
        <variable name="F" public_interface="in" units="coulomb_per_mole"/>
        <variable name="P_O" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>i_Kr</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <ci>g_Kr</ci>
                    <ci>P_O</ci>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                        <ci>E_Kr</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>g_Kr</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <cn cellml:units="milliS_per_microF">0.0135</cn>
                    <apply>
                        <power/>
                        <ci>Ko</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.59</cn>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>E_Kr</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <ci>R</ci>
                            <ci>T</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>F</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <ln/>
                        <apply>
                            <divide/>
                            <ci>Ko</ci>
                            <ci>Ki</ci>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <component name="Kr_channel_states">
        <variable initial_value="0.000001" name="P_O" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.000001" name="P_C1" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.000001" name="P_C2" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.000001" name="P_C3" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.000001" name="P_I" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="alpha" units="per_second"/>
        <variable name="beta" units="per_second"/>
        <variable initial_value="2172" name="alpha_in" units="per_second"/>
        <variable initial_value="1077" name="beta_in" units="per_second"/>
        <variable name="alpha_alpha" units="per_second"/>
        <variable name="beta_beta" units="per_second"/>
        <variable name="alpha_i" units="per_second"/>
        <variable name="beta_i" units="per_second"/>
        <variable name="mu" units="per_second"/>
        <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <variable name="Ko" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>time</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>P_C3</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <minus/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>beta</ci>
                        <ci>P_C2</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>alpha</ci>
                        <ci>P_C3</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>time</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>P_C2</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <plus/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                            <minus/>
                            <apply>
                                <plus/>
                                <ci>beta</ci>
                                <ci>alpha_in</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>P_C2</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>alpha</ci>
                        <ci>P_C3</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>beta_in</ci>
                        <ci>P_C1</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>time</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>P_C1</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <plus/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                            <minus/>
                            <apply>
                                <plus/>
                                <ci>beta_in</ci>
                                <ci>alpha_alpha</ci>
                                <ci>alpha_alpha</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>P_C1</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>alpha_in</ci>
                        <ci>P_C2</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>beta_beta</ci>
                        <ci>P_O</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>mu</ci>
                        <ci>P_I</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>time</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>P_O</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <plus/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                            <minus/>
                            <apply>
                                <plus/>
                                <ci>beta_beta</ci>
                                <ci>beta_i</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>P_O</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>alpha_alpha</ci>
                        <ci>P_C1</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>alpha_i</ci>
                        <ci>P_I</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>time</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>P_I</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <plus/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                            <minus/>
                            <apply>
                                <plus/>
                                <ci>mu</ci>
                                <ci>alpha_i</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>P_I</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>alpha_alpha</ci>
                        <ci>P_C1</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>beta_i</ci>
                        <ci>P_O</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>alpha</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <cn cellml:units="per_second">55.5</cn>
                    <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.05547153</cn>
                            <apply>
                                <plus/>
                                <ci>V</ci>
                                <cn cellml:units="millivolt">6</cn>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>beta</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <cn cellml:units="per_second">2.357</cn>
                    <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.036588</cn>
                            </apply>
                            <ci>V</ci>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>alpha_alpha</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <cn cellml:units="per_second">65.5</cn>
                    <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.05547153</cn>
                            <apply>
                                <plus/>
                                <ci>V</ci>
                                <cn cellml:units="millivolt">25</cn>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>beta_beta</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <cn cellml:units="per_second">2.9357</cn>
                    <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.02158</cn>
                            </apply>
                            <ci>V</ci>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>alpha_i</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="per_second">439</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <exp/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.02352</cn>
                                </apply>
                                <apply>
                                    <plus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">25</cn>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="millimolar">4.5</cn>
                    </apply>
                    <ci>Ko</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>beta_i</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <cn cellml:units="per_second">656</cn>
                    <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.000942</cn>
                            <ci>V</ci>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <power/>
                        <apply>
                            <divide/>
                            <cn cellml:units="millimolar">4.5</cn>
                            <ci>Ko</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.3</cn>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>mu</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>alpha_i</ci>
                        <ci>beta_beta</ci>
                        <ci>alpha_alpha</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>alpha_alpha</ci>
                        <ci>beta_i</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <component name="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
        <variable name="i_Ks" public_interface="out" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="g_Ks" units="milliS_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="E_Ks" units="millivolt"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.01833" name="PNaK" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="time" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <variable name="V" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <variable name="R" public_interface="in" units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin"/>
        <variable name="T" public_interface="in" units="kelvin"/>
        <variable name="F" public_interface="in" units="coulomb_per_mole"/>
        <variable name="Ko" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="Ki" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="Nao" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="Nai" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="Cai" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="xs1" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="xs2" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>E_Ks</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <ci>R</ci>
                            <ci>T</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>F</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <ln/>
                        <apply>
                            <divide/>
                            <apply>
                                <plus/>
                                <ci>Ko</ci>
                                <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <ci>PNaK</ci>
                                    <ci>Nao</ci>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <plus/>
                                <ci>Ki</ci>
                                <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <ci>PNaK</ci>
                                    <ci>Nai</ci>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>g_Ks</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <cn cellml:units="milliS_per_cm2">0.433</cn>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <divide/>
                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.6</cn>
                            <apply>
                                <plus/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                <apply>
                                    <power/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <divide/>
                                        <cn cellml:units="millimolar" type="e-notation">3.8<sep/>-5</cn>
                                        <ci>Cai</ci>
                                    </apply>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.4</cn>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>i_Ks</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <ci>g_Ks</ci>
                    <ci>xs1</ci>
                    <ci>xs2</ci>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                        <ci>E_Ks</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <component name="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xs1_gate">
        <variable initial_value="0.00445683" name="xs1" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="xs1_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="tau_xs1" units="second"/>
        <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>xs1_infinity</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <exp/>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <minus/>
                                        <ci>V</ci>
                                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">1.5</cn>
                                    </apply>
                                </apply>
                                <cn cellml:units="millivolt">16.7</cn>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>tau_xs1</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <cn cellml:units="second">0.001</cn>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <apply>
                            <divide/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless" type="e-notation">7.19<sep/>-5</cn>
                                <apply>
                                    <plus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">30</cn>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                <apply>
                                    <exp/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <times/>
                                        <apply>
                                            <minus/>
                                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.148</cn>
                                        </apply>
                                        <apply>
                                            <plus/>
                                            <ci>V</ci>
                                            <cn cellml:units="millivolt">30</cn>
                                        </apply>
                                    </apply>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                            <divide/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.000131</cn>
                                <apply>
                                    <plus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">30</cn>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <apply>
                                    <exp/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <times/>
                                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.0687</cn>
                                        <apply>
                                            <plus/>
                                            <ci>V</ci>
                                            <cn cellml:units="millivolt">30</cn>
                                        </apply>
                                    </apply>
                                </apply>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>time</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>xs1</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>xs1_infinity</ci>
                        <ci>xs1</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <ci>tau_xs1</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <component name="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xs2_gate">
        <variable initial_value="0.00445683" name="xs2" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="xs2_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="tau_xs2" units="second"/>
        <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>xs2_infinity</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <exp/>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <minus/>
                                        <ci>V</ci>
                                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">1.5</cn>
                                    </apply>
                                </apply>
                                <cn cellml:units="millivolt">16.7</cn>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>tau_xs2</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">4</cn>
                        <cn cellml:units="second">0.001</cn>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <apply>
                            <divide/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless" type="e-notation">7.19<sep/>-5</cn>
                                <apply>
                                    <plus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">30</cn>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                <apply>
                                    <exp/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <times/>
                                        <apply>
                                            <minus/>
                                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.148</cn>
                                        </apply>
                                        <apply>
                                            <plus/>
                                            <ci>V</ci>
                                            <cn cellml:units="millivolt">30</cn>
                                        </apply>
                                    </apply>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                            <divide/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.000131</cn>
                                <apply>
                                    <plus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">30</cn>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <apply>
                                    <exp/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <times/>
                                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.0687</cn>
                                        <apply>
                                            <plus/>
                                            <ci>V</ci>
                                            <cn cellml:units="millivolt">30</cn>
                                        </apply>
                                    </apply>
                                </apply>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>time</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>xs2</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>xs2_infinity</ci>
                        <ci>xs2</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <ci>tau_xs2</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <component name="time_independent_potassium_current">
        <variable name="i_K1" public_interface="out" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="E_K" private_interface="out" public_interface="out" units="millivolt"/>
        <variable name="g_K1" units="milliS_per_cm2"/>
        <variable name="time" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <variable name="V" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <variable name="Ko" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="Ki" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="R" public_interface="in" units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin"/>
        <variable name="T" public_interface="in" units="kelvin"/>
        <variable name="F" public_interface="in" units="coulomb_per_mole"/>
        <variable name="K1_infinity" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>g_K1</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <cn cellml:units="milliS_per_microF">0.75</cn>
                    <apply>
                        <root/>
                        <apply>
                            <divide/>
                            <ci>Ko</ci>
                            <cn cellml:units="millimolar">5.4</cn>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>E_K</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <ci>R</ci>
                            <ci>T</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>F</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <ln/>
                        <apply>
                            <divide/>
                            <ci>Ko</ci>
                            <ci>Ki</ci>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>i_K1</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <ci>g_K1</ci>
                    <ci>K1_infinity</ci>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                        <ci>E_K</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <component name="time_independent_potassium_current_K1_gate">
        <variable name="K1_infinity" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="alpha_K1" units="per_second"/>
        <variable name="beta_K1" units="per_second"/>
        <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <variable name="E_K" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>alpha_K1</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <cn cellml:units="per_second">1020</cn>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <exp/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.2385</cn>
                                <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <minus/>
                                        <ci>V</ci>
                                        <ci>E_K</ci>
                                    </apply>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">59.215</cn>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>beta_K1</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1000</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <plus/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <cn cellml:units="per_second">0.49124</cn>
                                <apply>
                                    <exp/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <times/>
                                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.08032</cn>
                                        <apply>
                                            <plus/>
                                            <apply>
                                                <minus/>
                                                <ci>V</ci>
                                                <ci>E_K</ci>
                                            </apply>
                                            <cn cellml:units="millivolt">5.476</cn>
                                        </apply>
                                    </apply>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <exp/>
                                <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.06175</cn>
                                    <apply>
                                        <minus/>
                                        <apply>
                                            <minus/>
                                            <ci>V</ci>
                                            <ci>E_K</ci>
                                        </apply>
                                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">594.31</cn>
                                    </apply>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <exp/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.5143</cn>
                                </apply>
                                <apply>
                                    <plus/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <minus/>
                                        <ci>V</ci>
                                        <ci>E_K</ci>
                                    </apply>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">4.753</cn>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>K1_infinity</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <ci>alpha_K1</ci>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>alpha_K1</ci>
                        <ci>beta_K1</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <component name="plateau_potassium_current">
        <variable name="i_Kp" public_interface="out" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.00552" name="g_Kp" units="milliS_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="Kp" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <variable name="E_K" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>Kp</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <exp/>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">7.488</cn>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                </apply>
                                <cn cellml:units="millivolt">5.98</cn>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>i_Kp</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <ci>g_Kp</ci>
                    <ci>Kp</ci>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                        <ci>E_K</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <component name="sodium_activated_potassium_current">
        <variable name="i_K_Na" public_interface="out" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="g_K_Na" units="milliS_per_microF"/>
        <variable initial_value="2.8" name="nKNa" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="pona" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="pov" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="66" name="kdKNa" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <variable name="Nai" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="E_K" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>g_K_Na</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0</cn>
                    <cn cellml:units="milliS_per_microF">0.12848</cn>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>pona</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.85</cn>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <power/>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <ci>kdKNa</ci>
                                <ci>Nai</ci>
                            </apply>
                            <ci>nKNa</ci>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>pov</ci>
                <apply>
                    <minus/>
                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.8</cn>
                    <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.65</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <plus/>
                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                            <apply>
                                <exp/>
                                <apply>
                                    <divide/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <plus/>
                                        <ci>V</ci>
                                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">125</cn>
                                    </apply>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">15</cn>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>i_K_Na</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <ci>g_K_Na</ci>
                    <ci>pona</ci>
                    <ci>pov</ci>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                        <ci>E_K</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <component name="ATP_sensitive_potassium_current">
        <variable name="i_K_ATP" public_interface="out" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="g_K_ATP" units="milliS_per_microF"/>
        <variable initial_value="1" name="i_K_ATP_on" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.24" name="nATP" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="5e-5" name="nicholsarea" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="3" name="ATPi" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable initial_value="2" name="hATP" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.00025" name="kATP" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="pATP" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="GKbaraATP" units="milliS_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <variable name="Ko" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="E_K" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>g_K_ATP</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>i_K_ATP_on</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="milliS_per_microF">0.000193</cn>
                    </apply>
                    <ci>nicholsarea</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>pATP</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <power/>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <ci>ATPi</ci>
                                <ci>kATP</ci>
                            </apply>
                            <ci>hATP</ci>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>GKbaraATP</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <ci>g_K_ATP</ci>
                    <ci>pATP</ci>
                    <apply>
                        <power/>
                        <apply>
                            <divide/>
                            <ci>Ko</ci>
                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">4</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>nATP</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>i_K_ATP</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <ci>GKbaraATP</ci>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                        <ci>E_K</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <component name="transient_outward_current">
        <variable name="i_to" public_interface="out" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="g_to" units="milliS_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="E_K" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <variable name="V" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <variable name="time" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <variable name="rvdv" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="zdv" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="ydv" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>g_to</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0</cn>
                    <cn cellml:units="milliS_per_microF">0.5</cn>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>rvdv</ci>
                <apply>
                    <exp/>
                    <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">100</cn>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>i_to</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <ci>g_to</ci>
                    <apply>
                        <power/>
                        <ci>zdv</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
                    </apply>
                    <ci>ydv</ci>
                    <ci>rvdv</ci>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                        <ci>E_K</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <component name="transient_outward_current_zdv_gate">
        <variable initial_value="0.5" name="zdv" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="alpha_zdv" units="per_second"/>
        <variable name="beta_zdv" units="per_second"/>
        <variable name="tau_zdv" units="second"/>
        <variable name="zdv_ss" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>alpha_zdv</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="per_second">10000</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <exp/>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">40</cn>
                                </apply>
                                <cn cellml:units="millivolt">25</cn>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <exp/>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">40</cn>
                                </apply>
                                <cn cellml:units="millivolt">25</cn>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>beta_zdv</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="per_second">10000</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <exp/>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <plus/>
                                        <ci>V</ci>
                                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">90</cn>
                                    </apply>
                                </apply>
                                <cn cellml:units="millivolt">25</cn>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <exp/>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <plus/>
                                        <ci>V</ci>
                                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">90</cn>
                                    </apply>
                                </apply>
                                <cn cellml:units="millivolt">25</cn>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>tau_zdv</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>alpha_zdv</ci>
                        <ci>beta_zdv</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>zdv_ss</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <ci>alpha_zdv</ci>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>alpha_zdv</ci>
                        <ci>beta_zdv</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>time</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>zdv</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>zdv_ss</ci>
                        <ci>zdv</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <ci>tau_zdv</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <component name="transient_outward_current_ydv_gate">
        <variable initial_value="0.5" name="ydv" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="alpha_ydv" units="per_second"/>
        <variable name="beta_ydv" units="per_second"/>
        <variable name="tau_ydv" units="second"/>
        <variable name="ydv_ss" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>alpha_ydv</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <cn cellml:units="per_second">15</cn>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <exp/>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <apply>
                                    <plus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">60</cn>
                                </apply>
                                <cn cellml:units="millivolt">5</cn>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>beta_ydv</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="per_second">100</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <exp/>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <apply>
                                    <plus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">25</cn>
                                </apply>
                                <cn cellml:units="millivolt">5</cn>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <exp/>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <apply>
                                    <plus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">25</cn>
                                </apply>
                                <cn cellml:units="millivolt">5</cn>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>tau_ydv</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>alpha_ydv</ci>
                        <ci>beta_ydv</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>ydv_ss</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <ci>alpha_ydv</ci>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>alpha_ydv</ci>
                        <ci>beta_ydv</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>time</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>ydv</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>ydv_ss</ci>
                        <ci>ydv</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <ci>tau_ydv</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <component name="sarcolemmal_calcium_pump">
        <variable name="i_p_Ca" public_interface="out" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.0005" name="K_mpCa" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable initial_value="1.15" name="I_pCa" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <variable name="Cai" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>i_p_Ca</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>I_pCa</ci>
                        <ci>Cai</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>K_mpCa</ci>
                        <ci>Cai</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <component name="sodium_background_current">
        <variable name="i_Na_b" public_interface="out" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.004" name="g_Nab" units="milliS_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <variable name="E_Na" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>i_Na_b</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <ci>g_Nab</ci>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                        <ci>E_Na</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <component name="calcium_background_current">
        <variable name="i_Ca_b" public_interface="out" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.003016" name="g_Cab" units="milliS_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="E_Ca" public_interface="out" units="millivolt"/>
        <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <variable name="R" public_interface="in" units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin"/>
        <variable name="T" public_interface="in" units="kelvin"/>
        <variable name="F" public_interface="in" units="coulomb_per_mole"/>
        <variable name="Cai" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="Cao" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>E_Ca</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <ci>R</ci>
                            <ci>T</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                            <ci>F</ci>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <ln/>
                        <apply>
                            <divide/>
                            <ci>Cao</ci>
                            <ci>Cai</ci>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>i_Ca_b</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <ci>g_Cab</ci>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                        <ci>E_Ca</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <component name="sodium_potassium_pump">
        <variable name="i_NaK" public_interface="out" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable initial_value="2.25" name="I_NaK" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="f_NaK" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="10" name="K_mNai" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable initial_value="1.5" name="K_mKo" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="sigma" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <variable name="R" public_interface="in" units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin"/>
        <variable name="T" public_interface="in" units="kelvin"/>
        <variable name="F" public_interface="in" units="coulomb_per_mole"/>
        <variable name="Nai" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="Nao" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="Ko" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>sigma</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">7</cn>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                            <exp/>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <ci>Nao</ci>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">67.3</cn>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>f_NaK</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.1245</cn>
                            <apply>
                                <exp/>
                                <apply>
                                    <divide/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <times/>
                                        <apply>
                                            <minus/>
                                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.1</cn>
                                        </apply>
                                        <ci>V</ci>
                                        <ci>F</ci>
                                    </apply>
                                    <apply>
                                        <times/>
                                        <ci>R</ci>
                                        <ci>T</ci>
                                    </apply>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.0365</cn>
                            <ci>sigma</ci>
                            <apply>
                                <exp/>
                                <apply>
                                    <divide/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <times/>
                                        <apply>
                                            <minus/>
                                            <ci>V</ci>
                                        </apply>
                                        <ci>F</ci>
                                    </apply>
                                    <apply>
                                        <times/>
                                        <ci>R</ci>
                                        <ci>T</ci>
                                    </apply>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>i_NaK</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                            <divide/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>I_NaK</ci>
                                <ci>f_NaK</ci>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <plus/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                <apply>
                                    <power/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <divide/>
                                        <ci>K_mNai</ci>
                                        <ci>Nai</ci>
                                    </apply>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>Ko</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>Ko</ci>
                        <ci>K_mKo</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <component name="non_specific_calcium_activated_current">
        <variable name="i_ns_Ca" public_interface="out" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="i_ns_Na" public_interface="out" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="i_ns_K" public_interface="out" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="P_ns_Ca" units="cm_per_second"/>
        <variable name="gamma_Nai" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="gamma_Nao" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="gamma_Ki" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="gamma_Ko" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="R" public_interface="in" units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin"/>
        <variable name="T" public_interface="in" units="kelvin"/>
        <variable name="F" public_interface="in" units="coulomb_per_mole"/>
        <variable name="Cao" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="Nao" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="Ko" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="Nai" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="Ki" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="I_ns_Na" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="I_ns_K" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.0012" name="K_m_ns_Ca" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <variable name="Cai" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>P_ns_Ca</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0</cn>
                    <cn cellml:units="cm_per_second" type="e-notation">1.75<sep/>-7</cn>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>I_ns_Na</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                            <divide/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>P_ns_Ca</ci>
                                <apply>
                                    <power/>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                </apply>
                                <ci>V</ci>
                                <apply>
                                    <power/>
                                    <ci>F</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>R</ci>
                                <ci>T</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                            <minus/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>gamma_Nai</ci>
                                <ci>Nai</ci>
                                <apply>
                                    <exp/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <divide/>
                                        <apply>
                                            <times/>
                                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                            <ci>V</ci>
                                            <ci>F</ci>
                                        </apply>
                                        <apply>
                                            <times/>
                                            <ci>R</ci>
                                            <ci>T</ci>
                                        </apply>
                                    </apply>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>gamma_Nao</ci>
                                <ci>Nao</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                            <exp/>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <ci>F</ci>
                                </apply>
                                <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <ci>R</ci>
                                    <ci>T</ci>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>I_ns_K</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                            <divide/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>P_ns_Ca</ci>
                                <apply>
                                    <power/>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                </apply>
                                <ci>V</ci>
                                <apply>
                                    <power/>
                                    <ci>F</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>R</ci>
                                <ci>T</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                            <minus/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>gamma_Ki</ci>
                                <ci>Ki</ci>
                                <apply>
                                    <exp/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <divide/>
                                        <apply>
                                            <times/>
                                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                            <ci>V</ci>
                                            <ci>F</ci>
                                        </apply>
                                        <apply>
                                            <times/>
                                            <ci>R</ci>
                                            <ci>T</ci>
                                        </apply>
                                    </apply>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>gamma_Ko</ci>
                                <ci>Ko</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                            <exp/>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <ci>F</ci>
                                </apply>
                                <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <ci>R</ci>
                                    <ci>T</ci>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>i_ns_Na</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>I_ns_Na</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <power/>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <ci>K_m_ns_Ca</ci>
                                <ci>Cai</ci>
                            </apply>
                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>i_ns_K</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>I_ns_K</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <power/>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <ci>K_m_ns_Ca</ci>
                                <ci>Cai</ci>
                            </apply>
                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>i_ns_Ca</ci>
                <apply>
                    <plus/>
                    <ci>i_ns_Na</ci>
                    <ci>i_ns_K</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <component name="Na_Ca_exchanger">
        <variable name="i_NaCa" public_interface="out" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.00025" name="c1" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.0001" name="c2" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.15" name="gamma" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
        <variable name="R" public_interface="in" units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin"/>
        <variable name="T" public_interface="in" units="kelvin"/>
        <variable name="F" public_interface="in" units="coulomb_per_mole"/>
        <variable name="Nai" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="Nao" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="Cai" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="Cao" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>i_NaCa</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>c1</ci>
                        <apply>
                            <exp/>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <minus/>
                                        <ci>gamma</ci>
                                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                    </apply>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <ci>F</ci>
                                </apply>
                                <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <ci>R</ci>
                                    <ci>T</ci>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                            <minus/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <apply>
                                    <exp/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <divide/>
                                        <apply>
                                            <times/>
                                            <ci>V</ci>
                                            <ci>F</ci>
                                        </apply>
                                        <apply>
                                            <times/>
                                            <ci>R</ci>
                                            <ci>T</ci>
                                        </apply>
                                    </apply>
                                </apply>
                                <apply>
                                    <power/>
                                    <ci>Nai</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
                                </apply>
                                <ci>Cao</ci>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <apply>
                                    <power/>
                                    <ci>Nao</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
                                </apply>
                                <ci>Cai</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <ci>c2</ci>
                            <apply>
                                <exp/>
                                <apply>
                                    <divide/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <times/>
                                        <apply>
                                            <minus/>
                                            <ci>gamma</ci>
                                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                        </apply>
                                        <ci>V</ci>
                                        <ci>F</ci>
                                    </apply>
                                    <apply>
                                        <times/>
                                        <ci>R</ci>
                                        <ci>T</ci>
                                    </apply>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <plus/>
                                <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <exp/>
                                        <apply>
                                            <divide/>
                                            <apply>
                                                <times/>
                                                <ci>V</ci>
                                                <ci>F</ci>
                                            </apply>
                                            <apply>
                                                <times/>
                                                <ci>R</ci>
                                                <ci>T</ci>
                                            </apply>
                                        </apply>
                                    </apply>
                                    <apply>
                                        <power/>
                                        <ci>Nai</ci>
                                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
                                    </apply>
                                    <ci>Cao</ci>
                                </apply>
                                <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <power/>
                                        <ci>Nao</ci>
                                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
                                    </apply>
                                    <ci>Cai</ci>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <component name="calcium_dynamics">
        <variable name="i_rel" public_interface="out" units="millimolar_per_second"/>
        <variable name="i_up" public_interface="out" units="millimolar_per_second"/>
        <variable name="i_leak" public_interface="out" units="millimolar_per_second"/>
        <variable name="i_tr" public_interface="out" units="millimolar_per_second"/>
        <variable name="G_rel" units="per_second"/>
        <variable initial_value="60000" name="G_rel_max" units="per_second"/>
        <variable initial_value="4000" name="G_rel_overload" units="per_second"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.18" name="tau_tr" units="second"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.0008" name="K_mrel" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.00018" name="delta_Ca_ith" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable initial_value="10" name="CSQN_max" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.8" name="K_mCSQN" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.00092" name="K_mup" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="K_leak" units="per_second"/>
        <variable initial_value="8.75" name="I_up" units="millimolar_per_second"/>
        <variable initial_value="15" name="Ca_NSR_max" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <variable name="F" public_interface="in" units="coulomb_per_mole"/>
        <variable initial_value="6e-5" name="Cai" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable initial_value="1.8" name="Cao" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable initial_value="1.8" name="Ca_JSR" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable initial_value="1.8" name="Ca_NSR" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="V_myo" public_interface="in" units="micro_litre"/>
        <variable name="A_cap" public_interface="in" units="mm2"/>
        <variable name="V_JSR" units="micro_litre"/>
        <variable name="V_NSR" units="micro_litre"/>
        <variable name="i_NaCa" public_interface="in" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="i_CaCa" public_interface="in" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="i_p_Ca" public_interface="in" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="i_Ca_b" public_interface="in" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="i_Ca_T" public_interface="in" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.0005" name="K_mTn" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.00238" name="K_mCMDN" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.07" name="Tn_max" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.05" name="CMDN_max" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable name="dVdt" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="0" name="APtrack" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="0" name="APtrack2" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="0" name="APtrack3" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="0" name="Cainfluxtrack" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="0" name="OVRLDtrack" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="0" name="OVRLDtrack2" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="0" name="OVRLDtrack3" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.7" name="CSQNthresh" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.98" name="Logicthresh" units="dimensionless"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>V_JSR</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.0048</cn>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.68</cn>
                    </apply>
                    <ci>V_myo</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>V_NSR</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.0552</cn>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.68</cn>
                    </apply>
                    <ci>V_myo</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>time</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>APtrack</ci>
                </apply>
                <piecewise>
                    <piece>
                        <apply>
                            <minus/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">100000</cn>
                                <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                    <ci>APtrack</ci>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">500</cn>
                                <ci>APtrack</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                            <gt/>
                            <ci>dVdt</ci>
                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">150000</cn>
                        </apply>
                    </piece>
                    <otherwise>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">500</cn>
                            </apply>
                            <ci>APtrack</ci>
                        </apply>
                    </otherwise>
                </piecewise>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>time</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>APtrack2</ci>
                </apply>
                <piecewise>
                    <piece>
                        <apply>
                            <minus/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">100000</cn>
                                <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                    <ci>APtrack2</ci>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">500</cn>
                                <ci>APtrack2</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                            <and/>
                            <apply>
                                <lt/>
                                <ci>APtrack</ci>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.2</cn>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <gt/>
                                <ci>APtrack</ci>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.18</cn>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </piece>
                    <otherwise>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">500</cn>
                            </apply>
                            <ci>APtrack2</ci>
                        </apply>
                    </otherwise>
                </piecewise>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>time</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>APtrack3</ci>
                </apply>
                <piecewise>
                    <piece>
                        <apply>
                            <minus/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">100000</cn>
                                <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                    <ci>APtrack3</ci>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">500</cn>
                                <ci>APtrack3</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                            <and/>
                            <apply>
                                <lt/>
                                <ci>APtrack</ci>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.2</cn>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <gt/>
                                <ci>APtrack</ci>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.18</cn>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </piece>
                    <otherwise>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">10</cn>
                            </apply>
                            <ci>APtrack3</ci>
                        </apply>
                    </otherwise>
                </piecewise>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>time</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>Cainfluxtrack</ci>
                </apply>
                <piecewise>
                    <piece>
                        <apply>
                            <divide/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>A_cap</ci>
                                </apply>
                                <apply>
                                    <plus/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <minus/>
                                        <apply>
                                            <plus/>
                                            <ci>i_CaCa</ci>
                                            <ci>i_Ca_T</ci>
                                        </apply>
                                        <ci>i_NaCa</ci>
                                    </apply>
                                    <ci>i_p_Ca</ci>
                                    <ci>i_Ca_b</ci>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                <ci>V_myo</ci>
                                <ci>F</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                            <gt/>
                            <ci>APtrack</ci>
                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.2</cn>
                        </apply>
                    </piece>
                    <piece>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <and/>
                            <apply>
                                <gt/>
                                <ci>APtrack2</ci>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.01</cn>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <leq/>
                                <ci>APtrack</ci>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.2</cn>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </piece>
                    <otherwise>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">500</cn>
                            </apply>
                            <ci>Cainfluxtrack</ci>
                        </apply>
                    </otherwise>
                </piecewise>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>time</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>OVRLDtrack</ci>
                </apply>
                <piecewise>
                    <piece>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">50000</cn>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                <ci>OVRLDtrack</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                            <and/>
                            <apply>
                                <gt/>
                                <apply>
                                    <divide/>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                    <apply>
                                        <plus/>
                                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                        <apply>
                                            <divide/>
                                            <ci>K_mCSQN</ci>
                                            <ci>Ca_NSR</ci>
                                        </apply>
                                    </apply>
                                </apply>
                                <ci>CSQNthresh</ci>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <lt/>
                                <ci>OVRLDtrack3</ci>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.37</cn>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <lt/>
                                <ci>APtrack3</ci>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.37</cn>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </piece>
                    <otherwise>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">500</cn>
                            </apply>
                            <ci>OVRLDtrack</ci>
                        </apply>
                    </otherwise>
                </piecewise>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>time</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>OVRLDtrack2</ci>
                </apply>
                <piecewise>
                    <piece>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">50000</cn>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                <ci>OVRLDtrack2</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                            <and/>
                            <apply>
                                <gt/>
                                <ci>OVRLDtrack</ci>
                                <ci>Logicthresh</ci>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <lt/>
                                <ci>OVRLDtrack2</ci>
                                <ci>Logicthresh</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </piece>
                    <otherwise>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">500</cn>
                            </apply>
                            <ci>OVRLDtrack2</ci>
                        </apply>
                    </otherwise>
                </piecewise>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>time</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>OVRLDtrack3</ci>
                </apply>
                <piecewise>
                    <piece>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">50000</cn>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                <ci>OVRLDtrack3</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                            <and/>
                            <apply>
                                <gt/>
                                <ci>OVRLDtrack</ci>
                                <ci>Logicthresh</ci>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <lt/>
                                <ci>OVRLDtrack3</ci>
                                <ci>Logicthresh</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </piece>
                    <otherwise>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">10</cn>
                            </apply>
                            <ci>OVRLDtrack3</ci>
                        </apply>
                    </otherwise>
                </piecewise>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>G_rel</ci>
                <piecewise>
                    <piece>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <ci>G_rel_max</ci>
                                    <apply>
                                        <minus/>
                                        <ci>Cainfluxtrack</ci>
                                        <ci>delta_Ca_ith</ci>
                                    </apply>
                                </apply>
                                <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <plus/>
                                        <ci>K_mrel</ci>
                                        <ci>Cainfluxtrack</ci>
                                    </apply>
                                    <ci>delta_Ca_ith</ci>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                <ci>APtrack2</ci>
                            </apply>
                            <ci>APtrack2</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                            <gt/>
                            <ci>Cainfluxtrack</ci>
                            <ci>delta_Ca_ith</ci>
                        </apply>
                    </piece>
                    <piece>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <ci>G_rel_overload</ci>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                <ci>OVRLDtrack2</ci>
                            </apply>
                            <ci>OVRLDtrack2</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                            <and/>
                            <apply>
                                <leq/>
                                <ci>Cainfluxtrack</ci>
                                <ci>delta_Ca_ith</ci>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <gt/>
                                <ci>OVRLDtrack2</ci>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0</cn>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </piece>
                    <otherwise>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0</cn>
                    </otherwise>
                </piecewise>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>i_rel</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <ci>G_rel</ci>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>Ca_JSR</ci>
                        <ci>Cai</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>i_up</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>I_up</ci>
                        <ci>Cai</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>Cai</ci>
                        <ci>K_mup</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>K_leak</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <ci>I_up</ci>
                    <ci>Ca_NSR_max</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>i_leak</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <ci>K_leak</ci>
                    <ci>Ca_NSR</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>i_tr</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>Ca_NSR</ci>
                        <ci>Ca_JSR</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <ci>tau_tr</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>time</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>Ca_JSR</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <plus/>
                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <ci>CSQN_max</ci>
                                    <ci>K_mCSQN</ci>
                                </apply>
                                <apply>
                                    <power/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <plus/>
                                        <ci>K_mCSQN</ci>
                                        <ci>Ca_JSR</ci>
                                    </apply>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>i_tr</ci>
                        <ci>i_rel</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>time</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>Ca_NSR</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <plus/>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                            <divide/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>i_tr</ci>
                                </apply>
                                <ci>V_JSR</ci>
                            </apply>
                            <ci>V_NSR</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>i_leak</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <ci>i_up</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>time</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>Cai</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <plus/>
                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <ci>CMDN_max</ci>
                                    <ci>K_mCMDN</ci>
                                </apply>
                                <apply>
                                    <power/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <plus/>
                                        <ci>K_mCMDN</ci>
                                        <ci>Cai</ci>
                                    </apply>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <ci>Tn_max</ci>
                                    <ci>K_mTn</ci>
                                </apply>
                                <apply>
                                    <power/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <plus/>
                                        <ci>K_mTn</ci>
                                        <ci>Cai</ci>
                                    </apply>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <apply>
                            <divide/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>A_cap</ci>
                                </apply>
                                <apply>
                                    <plus/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <minus/>
                                        <apply>
                                            <plus/>
                                            <ci>i_CaCa</ci>
                                            <ci>i_Ca_T</ci>
                                        </apply>
                                        <apply>
                                            <times/>
                                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                            <ci>i_NaCa</ci>
                                        </apply>
                                    </apply>
                                    <ci>i_p_Ca</ci>
                                    <ci>i_Ca_b</ci>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                <ci>V_myo</ci>
                                <ci>F</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                            <divide/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>i_rel</ci>
                                <ci>V_JSR</ci>
                            </apply>
                            <ci>V_myo</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                            <divide/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>i_leak</ci>
                                    <ci>i_up</ci>
                                </apply>
                                <ci>V_NSR</ci>
                            </apply>
                            <ci>V_myo</ci>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <component name="ionic_concentrations">
        <variable initial_value="9" name="Nai" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable initial_value="132" name="Nao" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable initial_value="141.2" name="Ki" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable initial_value="4.5" name="Ko" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
        <variable initial_value="1.434e-7" name="A_cap" public_interface="out" units="mm2"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.001" name="preplength" units="mm"/>
        <variable initial_value="1.1e-4" name="radius" units="mm"/>
        <variable name="volume" units="micro_litre"/>
        <variable name="V_myo" public_interface="out" units="micro_litre"/>
        <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <variable name="F" public_interface="in" units="coulomb_per_mole"/>
        <variable name="i_Na" public_interface="in" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="i_CaNa" public_interface="in" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="i_Na_b" public_interface="in" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="i_ns_Na" public_interface="in" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="i_NaCa" public_interface="in" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="i_NaK" public_interface="in" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="i_CaK" public_interface="in" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="i_Kr" public_interface="in" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="i_Ks" public_interface="in" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="i_K1" public_interface="in" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="i_Kp" public_interface="in" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="i_K_Na" public_interface="in" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="i_K_ATP" public_interface="in" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="i_ns_K" public_interface="in" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <variable name="i_to" public_interface="in" units="microA_per_microF"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>volume</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <pi/>
                    <ci>preplength</ci>
                    <apply>
                        <power/>
                        <ci>radius</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>V_myo</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.68</cn>
                    <ci>volume</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>time</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>Nai</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                            <minus/>
                            <apply>
                                <plus/>
                                <ci>i_Na</ci>
                                <ci>i_CaNa</ci>
                                <ci>i_Na_b</ci>
                                <ci>i_ns_Na</ci>
                                <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <ci>i_NaCa</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
                                </apply>
                                <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <ci>i_NaK</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>A_cap</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>V_myo</ci>
                        <ci>F</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>time</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>Ki</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                            <minus/>
                            <apply>
                                <plus/>
                                <ci>i_CaK</ci>
                                <ci>i_Kr</ci>
                                <ci>i_Ks</ci>
                                <ci>i_K1</ci>
                                <ci>i_Kp</ci>
                                <ci>i_K_Na</ci>
                                <ci>i_K_ATP</ci>
                                <ci>i_to</ci>
                                <ci>i_ns_K</ci>
                                <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <minus/>
                                        <ci>i_NaK</ci>
                                    </apply>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>A_cap</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>V_myo</ci>
                        <ci>F</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <group>
        <relationship_ref relationship="containment"/>
        <component_ref component="membrane">
            <component_ref component="fast_sodium_current">
                <component_ref component="Na_channel_states"/>
            </component_ref>
            <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel">
                <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_d_gate"/>
                <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f_gate"/>
                <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f_Ca_gate"/>
            </component_ref>
            <component_ref component="T_type_Ca_channel">
                <component_ref component="T_type_Ca_channel_b_gate"/>
                <component_ref component="T_type_Ca_channel_g_gate"/>
            </component_ref>
            <component_ref component="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
                <component_ref component="Kr_channel_states"/>
            </component_ref>
            <component_ref component="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
                <component_ref component="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xs1_gate"/>
                <component_ref component="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xs2_gate"/>
            </component_ref>
            <component_ref component="time_independent_potassium_current">
                <component_ref component="time_independent_potassium_current_K1_gate"/>
            </component_ref>
            <component_ref component="transient_outward_current">
                <component_ref component="transient_outward_current_zdv_gate"/>
                <component_ref component="transient_outward_current_ydv_gate"/>
            </component_ref>
            <component_ref component="Na_Ca_exchanger"/>
            <component_ref component="plateau_potassium_current"/>
            <component_ref component="sodium_activated_potassium_current"/>
            <component_ref component="ATP_sensitive_potassium_current"/>
            <component_ref component="sarcolemmal_calcium_pump"/>
            <component_ref component="sodium_background_current"/>
            <component_ref component="calcium_background_current"/>
            <component_ref component="sodium_potassium_pump"/>
            <component_ref component="non_specific_calcium_activated_current"/>
            <component_ref component="ionic_concentrations"/>
            <component_ref component="calcium_dynamics"/>
        </component_ref>
    </group>
    <group>
        <relationship_ref relationship="encapsulation"/>
        <component_ref component="fast_sodium_current">
            <component_ref component="Na_channel_states"/>
        </component_ref>
        <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel">
            <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_d_gate"/>
            <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f_gate"/>
            <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f_Ca_gate"/>
        </component_ref>
        <component_ref component="T_type_Ca_channel">
            <component_ref component="T_type_Ca_channel_b_gate"/>
            <component_ref component="T_type_Ca_channel_g_gate"/>
        </component_ref>
        <component_ref component="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
            <component_ref component="Kr_channel_states"/>
        </component_ref>
        <component_ref component="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
            <component_ref component="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xs1_gate"/>
            <component_ref component="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xs2_gate"/>
        </component_ref>
        <component_ref component="time_independent_potassium_current">
            <component_ref component="time_independent_potassium_current_K1_gate"/>
        </component_ref>
        <component_ref component="transient_outward_current">
            <component_ref component="transient_outward_current_zdv_gate"/>
            <component_ref component="transient_outward_current_ydv_gate"/>
        </component_ref>
    </group>
    <connection>
        <map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="environment"/>
        <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
    </connection>
    <connection>
        <map_components component_1="fast_sodium_current" component_2="environment"/>
        <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
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            <rdf:value xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">&#xd;
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            <dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Cardiovascular Research</dc:title>
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            <dcterms:W3CDTF xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">2002-01-06</dcterms:W3CDTF>
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            In 1997, Shaw and Rudy published a paper which modified the &#xd;
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        <rdf:Description xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" rdf:about="rdf:#0bc9308d-73e5-4a94-8519-4029e2c4fce4">
            <vCard:N xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" rdf:resource="rdf:#555f0f99-8e66-48be-bc79-073df3e02c4a" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"/>
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        <rdf:Description xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" rdf:about="rdf:#4376eb93-3ef9-4b62-bf18-95598fdbb818">
            <dcterms:modified xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" rdf:resource="rdf:#effea2b4-390f-454f-b848-aa0d73f7baed" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"/>
            <rdf:value xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">&#xd;
          Corrected units.&#xd;
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            <cmeta:modifier xmlns:cmeta="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/1.0#" rdf:resource="rdf:#bb33c0d3-3e7b-4e62-8111-9f2d29e60312" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"/>
        </rdf:Description>
        <rdf:Description xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" rdf:about="rdf:#6d2cb45f-07dd-4947-b857-fcbb23267412">
            <dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" rdf:resource="rdf:#b318b5b2-0192-4b73-b549-638966fe77ae" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"/>
            <rdf:value xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">This is the CellML description of Clancy and Rudy's mathematical Markovian model of the wild-type cardiac delayed rectifier current (Ikr). They incorporate this into a comprehensive model of the cardiac ventricular cell, which is based on the modified Luo-Rudy II Model. The use of a Markovian model to represent IKr deviates from the traditional Hodgkin-Huxley approach.</rdf:value>
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        <rdf:Description xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" rdf:about="rdf:#dc439ca5-4b6f-42a5-81d0-077efa22f4ff">
            <dcterms:W3CDTF xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">2001-12-10</dcterms:W3CDTF>
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        <rdf:Description xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" rdf:about="rdf:#8f9439a9-36cd-4ec6-a5cb-73d11e2f6f82">
            <dcterms:modified xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" rdf:resource="rdf:#3e2dffc0-2367-4def-af47-54ce2db1699d" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"/>
            <rdf:value xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">&#xd;
          Altered some of the connections.&#xd;
        </rdf:value>
            <cmeta:modifier xmlns:cmeta="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/1.0#" rdf:resource="rdf:#d1747cd8-4b00-4714-847d-5a644912fc7e" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"/>
        </rdf:Description>
        <rdf:Description xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" rdf:about="rdf:#eff86ed3-7ad4-4976-b84b-d43518f01409">
            <dcterms:W3CDTF xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">2005-04-20</dcterms:W3CDTF>
        </rdf:Description>
        <rdf:Description xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" rdf:about="rdf:#4a6124a3-e7fc-42ef-a4b5-c7e1a6772eb0">
            <vCard:Given xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Colleen</vCard:Given>
            <vCard:Family xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Clancy</vCard:Family>
            <vCard:Other xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">E</vCard:Other>
        </rdf:Description>
    </rdf:RDF>
</model>
Source
Derived from workspace Clancy, Rudy, 2001 at changeset 6b827a4ab6b6.
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License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.